A cikin yanayin amincin masana'antu, musamman lokacin da ake hulɗa da yanayi mai yuwuwar fashewa, sharuɗɗa biyu akai-akai suna tasowa: ATEX da Ex d. Dukansu biyu suna da mahimmanci wajen tabbatar da amincin kayan aiki da ma'aikata a wurare masu haɗari, kamar waɗanda ke da alaƙa. mota ex, amma suna hidima daban-daban kuma suna da halaye daban-daban. Wannan labarin yana nufin fayyace bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin ATEX da Ex d, yana ba da haske mai mahimmanci ga ƙwararru a masana'antu kamar mai da iskar gas, sarrafa sinadarai, da hakar ma'adinai.
| Wurin wuta: | 0.75 zuwa 315 kW |
| Wutar lantarki: | Ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki (har zuwa 1000V) da matsakaicin zaɓin ƙarfin lantarki akwai |
| Girman firam: | 80 to 355 |
| Kariya: | IP55 |
| Insalation aji: | F (aji H yana samuwa akan buƙata) |
ATEX vs. Ex d: Tsarukan Tsare-tsare Idan aka kwatanta
ATEX da Ex d suna wakiltar bangarori daban-daban na kariyar fashewa, tare da ATEX kasancewa tsarin tsari da Ex d kasancewa takamaiman nau'in fasaha na kariya. Bari mu bincika kowanne dalla-dalla:
Fahimtar ATEX
ATEX, wanda aka samo daga Faransanci "ATmosphères Explosibles," wani tsari ne na umarnin Tarayyar Turai wanda ke jagorantar kayan aiki da tsarin kariya da aka yi niyyar amfani da su a cikin yanayi mai yuwuwar fashewa. Umarnin ATEX ya ƙunshi manyan sassa biyu:
- ATEX 2014/34/EU (tsohon 94/9/EC): Wannan umarnin ya shafi masana'antun kuma yana ƙayyadaddun buƙatun kayan aiki da tsarin kariya da aka yi niyya don amfani a cikin yanayi mai yuwuwar fashewa.
- ATEX 1999/92/EC: Wannan umarnin yana nufin masu daukar ma'aikata ne kuma yana zayyana mafi ƙarancin buƙatu don inganta aminci da kariyar lafiya na ma'aikatan da ke da yuwuwar fuskantar haɗari daga fashewar yanayi.
Takaddun shaida na ATEX yana tabbatar da cewa samfuran sun cika mahimman buƙatun lafiya da aminci kuma ana iya amfani da su cikin aminci cikin fashewar yanayi a cikin Tarayyar Turai.
Ƙaddamarwa Ex d
Ex d, a daya bangaren, yana nufin takamaiman nau'in fasaha na kariya ga kayan lantarki da ake amfani da su a cikin abubuwan fashewa. The "Ex" yana nufin kariyar fashewa, yayin da "d" ke nufin "yankin da ke hana wuta." An bayyana wannan hanyar kariyar a cikin jerin ma'auni na IEC 60079, waɗanda ƙa'idodi ne na duniya da aka amince da su don kayan lantarki a cikin fashewar yanayi.
An ƙirƙira wani shinge na Ex d don ƙunsar fashewar ciki da kuma hana kunna fashewar yanayin da ke kewaye. Yakin, kamar wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin an mota ex, Dole ne ya zama mai ƙarfi sosai don jure matsi na fashewar ciki kuma ya kwantar da duk wani iskar gas mai zafi zuwa zafin jiki a ƙasa da wurin kunnawa na yanayin kewaye.
Kayan aiki Categories: ATEX da Ex d Rarraba
Yayin da ATEX da Ex d ke ba da dalilai daban-daban, dukkansu sun haɗa da rarrabuwa waɗanda ke taimakawa tantance dacewar kayan aiki don takamaiman mahalli masu haɗari.
Rukunin Kayan Aikin ATEX
ATEX ya raba kayan aiki zuwa kashi uku dangane da matakin kariya da ake buƙata:
- Category 1: Babban matakin kariya, dace da amfani a Zone 0 (gas) ko Zone 20 (kura)
- Category 2: Babban matakin kariya, dace da amfani a Zone 1 (gas) ko Zone 21 (kura)
- Category 3: Matsayin kariya na al'ada, dacewa don amfani a Yanki 2 (gas) ko Zone 22 (kura)
Waɗannan nau'ikan sun yi daidai da takamaiman yankuna inda yanayin fashewar na iya kasancewa ci gaba, lokaci-lokaci, ko da wuya kuma na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Ex d Rabewa
Ex d yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan dabarun kariya da yawa da aka ayyana a cikin ƙa'idodin IEC 60079. Sauran nau'ikan kariya sun haɗa da:
- Misali e: Ƙara aminci
- Misali i: Tsaro na ciki
- Misali p: Wurin matsi
- Misali q: Ciko foda
- Misali o: nutsewar mai
Kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan kariyar ya dace da aikace-aikace daban-daban da rarrabuwar yanki mai haɗari. Exd motors, alal misali, ana yawan amfani da su a wuraren da akwai haɗarin fashewar gas ko tururi.
Zaɓi Tsakanin ATEX da Ex d Kariya
Lokacin zabar kayan aiki don amfani a cikin yanayi mai yuwuwar fashewa, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa ATEX da Ex d ba su keɓanta juna ba. A gaskiya ma, sau da yawa suna aiki tare don tabbatar da cikakken tsaro.
La'akari don Zaɓin Kayan aiki
Ya kamata a yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa yayin zabar tsakanin kayan aikin da aka tabbatar da ATEX da kariyar Ex d:
- Wuri: Yi la'akari da ko za a yi amfani da kayan aiki a cikin Tarayyar Turai, inda ATEX ya zama tilas.
- Hatsari na Musamman: Gano nau'ikan abubuwan fashewa da ke cikin kayan aikin ku (gas, tururi, hazo, ko ƙura).
- Yawan faruwar haɗari: Ƙayyade wace yanki na yanki ya shafi yankin aikin ku.
- Ayyukan kayan aiki: Yi la'akari da buƙatun aiki na kayan aiki da yadda hanyoyin kariya daban-daban zasu iya tasiri aiki.
- Wutar lantarki: Don kayan aikin lantarki, la'akari da buƙatun ƙarfin lantarki. Wasu Motocin Ex d, alal misali, suna iya aiki a ƙarfin ƙarfin 380V, 660V, ko ma 660/1140V.
Haɗa ATEX da Ex d
A yawancin lokuta, kayan aiki na iya kasancewa duka ATEX-certified kuma suna amfani da kariyar Ex d. Misali, an Motar Exd wanda aka ƙera don amfani a cikin masana'antar sinadarai ta Turai zai buƙaci biyan buƙatun ATEX kuma ya haɗa kariyar rufewar wuta.
Wannan haɗin yana tabbatar da cewa kayan aiki:
- Ya bi ka'idodin EU don amfani a cikin fashewar yanayi
- Haɗa ƙayyadaddun fasalulluka na ƙira don ɗauke da yuwuwar fashewa
- Ya dace da yankin musamman mai haɗari inda za a yi amfani da shi
Yana da kyau a lura cewa yayin da ATEX ya keɓance ga Tarayyar Turai, Ex d da sauran ƙa'idodin IEC an san su a duniya. Wannan yana nufin cewa ana iya amfani da kayan aikin Ex d sau da yawa a cikin ƙasashen da ba na EU ba, muddin ya cika ka'idojin gida.
Aikace-aikace a Masana'antu Daban-daban
Zaɓin tsakanin ATEX da Ex d (ko haɗin duka biyu) ya dace a cikin masana'antu da yawa inda yanayi mai fashewa na iya kasancewa:
- Man Fetur da Gas: Kafofin watsa labaru da matatun mai sau da yawa suna buƙatar kayan aikin da aka tabbatar da ATEX tare da kariyar Ex d don injina, famfo, da tsarin sarrafawa.
- Sarrafa sinadarai: Kayan masana'antu masu sarrafa abubuwa masu ƙonewa sun dogara da ATEX da Ex d don tabbatar da ayyuka masu aminci.
- Haƙar ma'adinai: Ƙarƙashin ma'adinan kwal na ƙasa, inda iskar methane ke yawan damuwa, akai-akai amfani da Motocin Exd tare da takaddun shaida na ATEX.
- Pharmaceutical: Wuraren samarwa inda foda mai kyau ko kaushi ke kasancewa na iya buƙatar kayan aiki masu dacewa da ATEX tare da hanyoyin kariya daban-daban, gami da Ex d.
- Abinci da Abin sha: Kayayyakin sarrafa hatsi ko wasu ƙura masu ƙonewa galibi suna buƙatar injunan bokan ATEX, wasu daga cikinsu na iya haɗawa da kariya ta Ex d.
A cikin kowane ɗayan waɗannan masana'antu, ƙayyadaddun buƙatun za su dogara ne akan yanayin haɗarin da ke akwai da yanayin ƙa'ida da kayan aikin ke aiki.
Kammalawa
Fahimtar bambanci tsakanin ATEX da Ex d yana da mahimmanci ga duk wanda ke da hannu wajen zaɓar, girka, ko kiyaye kayan aiki a cikin yanayi mai yuwuwar fashewa. Yayin da ATEX ke ba da tsarin ka'idoji don tabbatar da amincin kayan aiki a cikin EU, Ex d yana ba da takamaiman dabarar kariya wacce za a iya amfani da ita a duniya.
Ta hanyar yin la'akari da la'akari da buƙatun aikace-aikacenku a hankali da hatsarori da ke cikin yanayin aikin ku, zaku iya yanke yanke shawara game da mafi dacewa matakan aminci na kayan aikin ku.
Kuna neman amintattun hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki don mahalli masu haɗari? Shaanxi Qihe Xicheng Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. ya ƙware wajen samar da inganci mai inganci, ƙarancin kuzari, da na'urorin wutar lantarki da suka dace da bukatunku. Ko kuna cikin injina na masana'antu, HVAC da firiji, makamashi da kayan aiki, ko wasu fannoni na musamman, muna da ƙwarewa don magance buƙatunku na musamman. Ƙungiyarmu a shirye take don taimakawa tare da tambayoyin tallace-tallace na farko, goyon bayan tallace-tallace, da batutuwan fasaha. Don ƙarin koyo game da mu Motocin Exd da sauran hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu a xcmotors@163.com. Bari mu taimake ku tabbatar da aminci da inganci a cikin ayyukanku.
References
1. Hukumar Tarayyar Turai. (2014). Umarnin 2014/34/EU na Majalisar Turai da na Majalisar. Jarida ta Tarayyar Turai.
2. International Electrotechnical Commission. (2017). IEC 60079-1: 2014+AMD1: 2017 CSV Fashewar yanayi - Kashi na 1: Kariyar kayan aiki ta shingen hana wuta "d".
3. Gudanar da Lafiya da Tsaro. (2015). Jagora ga umarnin ATEX 2014/34/EU (Bugu na huɗu).
4. Bottrill, G., Cheyne, D., & Vijayaraghavan, G. (2005). Kayayyakin Wutar Lantarki Na Aiki da Shigarwa a Wurare masu Hatsari. Newnes.
5. McMillan, A. (2018). Shigar da Wutar Lantarki a Wurare masu Hatsari. Rutledge.
6. Bossert, JA (2019). Wurare masu haɗari: Jagora don Ƙirƙira, Gwaji, Gina, da Shigar da Kayan Aiki a cikin Halayen Fashe. ISA.
